| Reactions of Bismuth |
 Reactions with water |
| When red hot bismuth reacts with water to form bismuth(III) trioxide. |
2Bi(s) + 3H2O(g) Bi2O3(s) + 3H2(g) |
| Reactions with air |
| Upon heating bismuth reacts with oxygen in the air for form bismuth(III) trioxide.
|
| 4Bi(s) + 3O2(g)2Bi2O3(s) |
| Reactions with halogens |
| Bismuth reacts with fluorine to form bismuth(V) fluoride.
|
| 2Bi(s) + 5F2(g)2BiF5(s) |
| Bismuth reacts under controlled conditions with the halogens fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine to bismuth(III) trihalides.
|
| Reactions with acids |
| 2Bi(s) + 3F2(g)2BiF3(s) |
| 2Bi(s) + 3Cl2(g)2BiCl3(s) |
| 2Bi(s) + 3Br2(g)2BiBr3(s) |
| 2Bi(s) + 3I2(g)2BiI3(s) |
| Bismuth dissolves in concentrated sulphuric acid or nitric acid, to form solutions containing Bi(III). The sulphuric acid
reaction produces sulphur(IV) dioxide gas. With hydrochloric acid in the presence of oxygen, bismuth(III) chloride is produced.
|
| 4Bi(s) + 3O2(g) + 12HCl(aq)4BiCl3(aq) + 6H2O(l) |
Bi(s)