|
|
|
Compounds | Reactions | Production
|
| Reactions of Vanadium |
 Reactions with water |
| The surface of vanadium metal is protected by an oxide layer and does not reacts with water under normal conditions. |
| Reactions with air |
| Vanadium metal reacts with excess oxygen upon heating to form vanadium(V) oxide. |
4V(s) + 5O2(g) V2O5(s) |
| Reactions with halogens |
| Vanadium reacts with fluorine upon warming to form vanadium(V) fluoride. |
| 2V(s) + 5F2(g)2VF5(l) |
| Reactions with bases |
| Vanadium metal is resistant to attack by molten alkalis. |
| Reduction Potentials | |
| Balanced half-reaction | E0 / V |
V3+ + e- V2+ |
-0.256 |
| V3+ + e-V2+ |
-0.21 |
| V2+ + 2e-V(s) |
-1.18 |
| 2VO43- + 10H+ + 4e-V2O3 + 5H2O
|
+1.238 |
| VO43- + 6H+ + 2e-VO+ + 3H2O
|
+1.256 |
| VO2+ + 2H+ + e-VO2+ + H2O
|
+1.00 |
| V2O5 + 6H+ + 2e-2VO2+ + 3H2O
|
+0.998 |
| V2O4 + 4H+ + 2e-2VO+ + 2H2O
|
+0.246 |
| VO2+ + 2H+ + e-V3+ + H2O
|
+0.359 |
| VO2+ + H+ + e-VOH2+ |
+0.164 |
| VO2+ + e-VO+ |
-0.044 |
| V2O3 + 6H+ + 2e-2V2+ + 3H2O
|
+0.161 |
| VO+ + 2H+ + e-V2+ + H2O
|
+0.126 |
| VOH2+ + H+ + e-V2+ + H2O
|
-0.082 |
| V(OH)4+ + 2H+ + e-VO2+ + 3H2O
|
+1.00 |
| V(OH)4+ + 2H+ + e-VO2+ + 3H2O
|
+1.02 |
| V(OH)4+ + 2H+ + e-VO2+ + 3H2O
|
+1.02 |