|
|
| Mercury | |
| Electron Configuration | 2,8,18,32,18,2 |
| Electron Configuration | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 |
| Ground state | 1S0 |
| Atomic Volume | 14.82 g/cm3 |
| Electronegativity | 2.00 |
| Magnetic ordering | Dimagnetic |
| Mass magnetic susceptibility | -2.1 x 10-9 |
| Molar magnetic susceptibility | -4.21 x 10-10 |
| Speed of sound | 1451.4 m s-1 |
 Thermal Properties |
|
| Enthalpy of Atomization | 61.5 kJ mol-1 @25°C |
| Enthalpy of Fusion | 2.33 kJ mol-1 |
| Enthalpy of Vaporisation | 59.1 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat Capacity | 27.983 J mol-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 8.30 W m-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion | 60.4 μm m-1 K-1 |
| Electrical Properties |
|
| Electrical resistivity | 9.6 x 10-7 Ω m |
| Electrical conductivity | No data. |
| Chemical Properties |
|
| Electrochemical Equivalent | 3.742 g Ah-1 |
| Electron Work Function | 4.49 eV |
| Valence Electron Potential (-eV) | 28.2 |
| Ionization Potential | |
 First
|
10.437 |
| Second
|
18.759 |
| Third
|
34.202 |
| Incompatibilities | Acetylene (C2H2), ammonia (NH3), chlorine dioxide (ClO2), azides, calcium (amalgam formation), sodium carbide (NaC), lithium, rubidium, copper. |
| Flammability |
|
| Noncombustible Liquid
|
| Optical Properties |
|
| Refractive Index (gas) | 1.000933 |
| Reflectivity | % |
| Energy Levels |
|
| Kα1 (intensity 100) |
70.819 KeV |
| Kα2 (intensity 50) |
68.895 KeV |
| Kβ1 (intensity 27.2) |
80.253 KeV |
| Lα1 (intensity 100) |
9.9888 KeV |
| Lα2 (intensity 10) |
9.8976 KeV |
| Lβ1 (intensity 35) |
11.8226 KeV |
| Lβ2 (intensity 20) |
11.9241 KeV |
| Lβ3 (intensity 6.4) |
11.9928 KeV |
| Lβ4 (intensity 4) |
11.5626 KeV |
| Lγ1 (intensity 6) |
13.8301 KeV |
| Lγ2 (intensity 2) |
14.1588 KeV |
| Lγ3 (intensity 2) |
10.647 KeV |
| Ll (intensity 4) |
8.7215 KeV |
| Atomic Radii |
|
| Empirical
|
150 pm |
| Bohr Radius
|
171 pm |
| Covalent Radius
|
149 pm |
| Van der Waals
|
155 pm |
| Triple covalent
|
No data. |
| Metallic
|
151 pm |
| Ionic Radii (Å) |
||||
| Charge | Coordination | Crystal | Ionic | Key |
| 1 | III | 1.111 | 0.97 | |
| VI | 1.33 | 1.19 | ||
| 2 | II | 0.83 | 0.69 | |
| IV | 1.1 | 0.96 | ||
| VI | 1.16 | 1.02 | ||
| VIII | 1.28 | 1.14 | R | |
| R, From r3 vs V plots. |
| C, Calculated from bond length - bond strength equations. |
| E, Estimated. |
| *, Most Reliable. |
| M, From Metallic Oxides. |
| A, Ahrens (1952) Ionic radius. |
| P, Pauling's (1960) Crystal Radius. |
| Oxidation States |
|
| Main
|
Hg+2 |
| Other
|
Hg+1 |
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1)  |
|
| M - M+ |
1007 |
| M+ - M2+ |
1809 |
| M2+ - M3+ |
3300 |
| M3+ - M4+ |
4400 |
| M4+ - M5+ |
5900 |
| M5+ - M6+ |
7400 |
| M6+ - M7+ |
9100 |
| M7+ - M8+ |
11600 |
| M8+ - M9+ |
13400 |
| M9+ - M10+ |
15300 |
| Vapour Pressure |
||||||
| P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1K | 10K | 100K |
| T (K) | 315 | 350 | 393 | 449 | 523 | 629 |
| Crystal Structure |
|
| Structure
|
Rhombohedral |
 |
a = 300.5 pm |
| b = 300.5 pm | |
| c = 300.5 pm | |
| α = 70.520° | |
| β = 70.520° | |
| γ = 70.520° | |