|
|
| Sodium | |
| Electron Configuration | 2,8,1 |
| Electron Configuration | [Ne] 3s1 |
| Ground state | 2S1/2 |
| Atomic Volume | 23.7 g/cm3 |
| Electronegativity | 0.93 |
| Magnetic ordering | Paramagnetic |
| Mass magnetic susceptibility | 6.4 x 10-9 |
| Molar magnetic susceptibility | 1.47 x 10-10 |
| Speed of sound | 3200 m s-1 |
 Thermal Properties |
|
| Enthalpy of Atomization | 108.4 kJ mol-1 @25°C |
| Enthalpy of Fusion | 2.64 kJ mol-1 |
| Enthalpy of Vaporisation | 99.2 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat Capacity | 28.230 J mol-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 142 W m-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion | 71 μm m-1 K-1 |
| Hardness |
|
| Brinell hardness | 0.69 MPa |
| Mohs hardness | 0.5 |
| Elastic Properties |
|
| Bulk modulus | 6.3 GPa |
| Shear modulus | 3.3 GPa |
| Young's modulus | 10 GPa |
| Electrical Properties |
|
| Electrical resistivity | 4.7 x 10-8 Ω m |
| Electrical conductivity | No data. |
| Chemical Properties |
|
| Electrochemical Equivalent | 0.85775 g Ah-1 |
| Electron Work Function | 2.75 eV |
| Valence Electron Potential (-eV) | 14.1 |
| Ionization Potential | |
 First
|
5.139 |
| Second
|
47.286 |
| Third
|
71.641 |
| Energy Levels |
|
| Kα1 (intensity 100) |
1.04098 KeV |
| Kα2 (intensity 0) |
1.04098 KeV |
| Kβ1 (intensity 1) |
1.0711 KeV |
| Atomic Radii |
|
| Empirical
|
180 pm |
| Bohr Radius
|
190 pm |
| Covalent Radius
|
154 pm |
| Van der Waals
|
227 pm |
| Triple covalent
|
No data. |
| Metallic
|
186 pm |
| Ionic Radii (Å) |
||||
| Charge | Coordination | Crystal | Ionic | Key |
| 1 | IV | 1.13 | 0.99 | |
| V | 1.14 | 1 | ||
| VI | 1.16 | 1.02 | ||
| VII | 1.26 | 1.12 | ||
| VIII | 1.32 | 1.18 | ||
| IX | 1.38 | 1.24 | C | |
| XII | 1.53 | 1.39 | ||
| R, From r3 vs V plots. |
| C, Calculated from bond length - bond strength equations. |
| E, Estimated. |
| *, Most Reliable. |
| M, From Metallic Oxides. |
| A, Ahrens (1952) Ionic radius. |
| P, Pauling's (1960) Crystal Radius. |
| Oxidation States |
|
| Main
|
Na+1 |
| Other
|
Na-1 (in liquid NH3) |
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1)  |
|
| M - M+ |
495.8 |
| M+ - M2+ |
4562.4 |
| M2+ - M3+ |
6912 |
| M3+ - M4+ |
9543 |
| M4+ - M5+ |
13353 |
| M5+ - M6+ |
16610 |
| M6+ - M7+ |
20114 |
| M7+ - M8+ |
25490 |
| M8+ - M9+ |
28933 |
| M9+ - M10+ |
141360 |
| Vapour Pressure |
||||||
| P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1K | 10K | 100K |
| T (K) | 554 | 617 | 697 | 802 | 946 | 1153 |
| Crystal Structure |
|
| Structure
|
Body centred cubic |
 |
a = 429.06 pm |
| b = 429.06 pm | |
| c = 429.06 pm | |
| α = 90° | |
| β = 90° | |
| γ = 90° | |