| Reactions of Hafnium |
 Reactions with water |
| Hafnium does not react with water under normal conditions. |
| Reactions with air |
| Hafnium is coated with an oxide layer that usually renders it inactive. However hafnium will burn in air if provoked to form
hafnium dioxide. Finely divided hafnium is pyrophoric making it a fire hazard.
|
Hf(s) + O2(g) HfO2(s) |
| Reactions with halogens |
| Hafnium does react with all the halogens upon warming to form hafnium(IV) halides. |
| Hf(s) + 2F2(g)HfF4(s) |
| Hf(s) + 2Cl2(g)HfCl4(l) |
| Hf(s) + 2Br2(g)HfBr4(s) |
| Hf(s) + 2I2(g)HfI4(s) |
| Reactions with acids |
| Hafnium is coated with an oxide layer that usually renders it inactive. Most cold mineral acids have little effect. Hafnium
does dissolve in hydrofluoric acid.
|
| Reactions with bases |
| Hafnium does not appear to react wih alkalis under normal conditions, even when hot. |
Hf(s)