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Occurrence and Production of Germanium
Occurrence
This element is found in argyrodite (sulfide of germanium and silver); coal; germanite; zinc ores; and other minerals.
Germanium is obtained commercially from zinc ore processing smelter dust and from the combustion by-products of certain coals. A large reserve of this element is therefore in coal sources.
This metalloid can be extracted from other metals by fractional distillation of its volatile tetrachloride. This technique permits the production of ultra-high purity germanium.