|
|
| Tellurium | |
| Electron Configuration | 2,8,18,18,6 |
| Electron Configuration | [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p4 |
| Ground state | 3P2 |
| Atomic Volume | 20.5 g/cm3 |
| Electronegativity | 2.1 |
| Magnetic ordering | Non-magnetic |
| Mass magnetic susceptibility | -3.9 x 10-9 |
| Molar magnetic susceptibility | -4.98 x 10-10 |
| Speed of sound | 2610 m s-1 |
 Thermal Properties |
|
| Enthalpy of Atomization | 190.4 kJ mol-1 @25°C |
| Enthalpy of Fusion | 13.5 kJ mol-1 |
| Enthalpy of Vaporisation | 104.6 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat Capacity | 25.73 J mol-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 1.97 - 3.38 W m-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion | No data. |
| Hardness |
|
| Brinell hardness | 180 MPa |
| Mohs hardness | 2.25 |
| Elastic Properties |
|
| Bulk modulus | 65 GPa |
| Shear modulus | 16 GPa |
| Young's modulus | 43 GPa |
| Electrical Properties |
|
| Electrical resistivity | No data. |
| Electrical conductivity | No data. |
| Chemical Properties |
|
| Electrochemical Equivalent | 1.1902 g Ah-1 |
| Electron Work Function | 4.95 eV |
| Valence Electron Potential (-eV) | 59 |
| Ionization Potential | |
 First
|
9.009 |
| Second
|
18.6 |
| Third
|
27.96 |
| Incompatibilities | Oxidizers, chlorine, cadmium. |
| Flammability |
|
| Combustible Solid
|
| Optical Properties |
|
| Refractive Index (gas) | 1.000991 |
| Reflectivity | % |
| Energy Levels |
|
| Kα1 (intensity 100) |
27.4723 KeV |
| Kα2 (intensity 50) |
27.2017 KeV |
| Kβ1 (intensity 19.7) |
30.9957 KeV |
| Kβ2 (intensity 5.7) |
31.6947 KeV |
| Kβ3 (intensity 8.6) |
30.9388 KeV |
| Lα1 (intensity 100) |
3.76933 KeV |
| Lα2 (intensity 10) |
3.7588 KeV |
| Lβ1 (intensity 51.3) |
4.02958 KeV |
| Lβ2 (intensity 16.3) |
4.3017 KeV |
| Lβ3 (intensity 5.8) |
4.1192 KeV |
| Lβ4 (intensity 4) |
4.0684 KeV |
| Lγ1 (intensity 5.6) |
4.5709 KeV |
| Lγ2 (intensity 2) |
4.8253 KeV |
| Lγ3 (intensity 2) |
3.604 KeV |
| Ll (intensity 4.5) |
3.3344 KeV |
| Atomic Radii |
|
| Empirical
|
140 pm |
| Bohr Radius
|
123 pm |
| Covalent Radius
|
135 pm |
| Van der Waals
|
206 pm |
| Triple covalent
|
121 pm |
| Metallic
|
No data. |
| Ionic Radii (Å) |
||||
| Charge | Coordination | Crystal | Ionic | Key |
| -2 | VI | 2.07 | 2.21 | P |
| 4 | III | 0.66 | 0.52 | |
| IV | 0.8 | 0.66 | ||
| VI | 1.11 | 0.97 | ||
| 6 | IV | 0.57 | 0.43 | C |
| VI | 0.7 | 0.56 | * | |
| R, From r3 vs V plots. |
| C, Calculated from bond length - bond strength equations. |
| E, Estimated. |
| *, Most Reliable. |
| M, From Metallic Oxides. |
| A, Ahrens (1952) Ionic radius. |
| P, Pauling's (1960) Crystal Radius. |
| Oxidation States |
|
| Main
|
Te+4 |
| Other
|
Te-2, Te-1, Te0, Te+2, Te+5, Te+6 |
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1)  |
|
| M - M+ |
869.2 |
| M+ - M2+ |
1795 |
| M2+ - M3+ |
2698 |
| M3+ - M4+ |
3610 |
| M4+ - M5+ |
5668 |
| M5+ - M6+ |
6822 |
| M6+ - M7+ |
13200 |
| M7+ - M8+ |
15800 |
| M8+ - M9+ |
18500 |
| M9+ - M10+ |
21200 |
| Covalent Bonds (kJ mol-1) |
|
| Te-H
|
240 |
| Te-O
|
268 |
| Te-F
|
335 |
| Te-Cl
|
251 |
| Te-Te
|
235 |
| Vapour Pressure |
||||||
| P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1K | 10K | 100K |
| T (K) | (775) | (888) | 1042 | 1266 | ||
| Crystal Structure |
|
| Structure
|
Trigonal |
 |
a = 445.72 pm |
| b = 445.72 pm | |
| c = 592.9 pm | |
| α = 90° | |
| β = 90° | |
| γ = 120° | |